Zinc Lozenges for Colds

Zinc, an essential mineral in our diet, is believed prevent or shorten the duration of cold virus symptoms. Zinc lozenges are available over-the-counter without a prescription and are sold as dietary supplements in grocery stores, health food stores and pharmacies. Zinc lozenges are available in two forms: zinc gluconate and zinc acetate.

Can zinc lozenges prevent or shorten the duration of colds?

While evidence is conflicting, several studies show that cold symptoms improved and ended much faster among people who used zinc lozenges than those who did not (4.4 days of symptoms vs. 7.6 days among people who did not use zinc). Some studies showed that zinc was effective in treating the common cold if the lozenges were started within 24 hours of the onset of cold symptoms.

Researchers say that some lozenges might be more effective than others because of the differences in ingredients. Citric acid, tartaric acid, mannitol and sorbitol are added to improve the flavor of the zinc lozenge but can reduce the efficacy of the zinc by binding to it, thereby making it unavailable for use by the body.

How do zinc lozenges work?

There are several possible explanations as to how zinc lozenges might work. One theory is that zinc might hinder the formation of proteins that are required by a cold virus to reproduce itself. Without replication of the virus, the cold symptoms will stop. There is also the possibility that zinc may bind to proteins that are found on the edge of a cold virus. This attachment might hinder the virus from entering the body's cells, especially those in the nose, throat, and lungs. Lastly, it is believed that zinc salts may protect and stabilize the lining of our cells, which makes it difficult for the virus to penetrate the cells.

What is the recommended dose?

One zinc lozenge which does not contain the additives mentioned above and contains 13.3 mg zinc from zinc gluconate is recommended every two hours. You might notice a "metallic" aftertaste while using zinc lozenges that can affect the flavor of other foods. If you experience nausea from the zinc lozenges, try eating a little food before using them or taking them only after meals.